开始docker吧 - docker简介及安装
开始docker吧 - docker简介及安装https://timg01.bdimg.com/timg?pacompress&imgtype=0&sec=1439619614&autorotate=1&di=7fafa63b28931440e43f32125fc02bcd&quality=90&size=b200_200&src=http%3A%2F%2Fbos.nj.bpc.baidu.com%2Fv1%2Fmediaspot%2Fbf8aced868ed2ddb5bb0d64165e258ea.jpeg
linux运维菜发布时间：19-02-2722:45优质原创作者
什么是dockerdocker是一个开源的应用容器引擎，开发者可以打包自己的应用到容器里面，然后迁移到其他机器的docker应用中，可以实现快速部署。如果出现的故障，可以通过镜像，快速恢复服务。https://pics7.baidu.com/feed/95eef01f3a292df58c057f9669f32c6436a873b2.jpeg?token=dc360da4e1d5c2ba29807b695226f715&s=1A955384504058E21D3AA9490300709B
原理docker是利用Linux内核虚拟机化技术（LXC），提供轻量级的虚拟化，以便隔离进程和资源。LXC不是硬件的虚拟化，而是Linux内核的级别的虚拟机化，相对于传统的虚拟机，节省了很多硬件资源。NameSpaceLXC是利用内核namespace技术，进行进程隔离。其中pid, net, ipc, mnt, uts 等namespace将container的进程, 网络, 消息, 文件系统和hostname 隔离开。Control GroupLXC利用的宿主机共享的资源，虽然用namespace进行隔离，但是资源使用没有收到限制，这里就需要用到Control Group技术，对资源使用进行限制，设定优先级，资源控制等。
内核支持在CentOS6.8是可以支持docker，但是有些特性无法使用，因此至少使用3.8的内核版本，建议是使用3.10版本以上。国内生产环境很多都是使用CentOS，所以一般使用CentOS7即可。当然如果是Ubuntu/Debian/Deepin系列的发行版本也是支持的。https://pics0.baidu.com/feed/d000baa1cd11728bd6d849f11d3eb3cac1fd2cb7.jpeg?token=df8526c0fa2995edee72d26db78d5fee&s=8513A47C0A34ACCE160644920300D08A
环境准备操作系统：CentOS 7.6.1810软件源：阿里云镜像（在阿里云镜像站上面可以找到docker-ce的软件源，使用国内的源速度比较快）安装docker-ce如果没有物理机，可以先使用虚拟机进行学习。操作系统安装，跳过（网上教程很多）。1、安装依赖docker依赖于系统的一些必要的工具，可以提前安装。yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm22、添加软件源yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo3、安装docker-ceyum clean all yum makecache fastyum -y install docker-ce4、启动服务通过systemctl启动服务systemctl start docker5、查看安装版本这样子就安装成功了，启动服务以后可以使用docker version查看一下当前的版本。docker versionClient:Version: 18.09.2 API version: 1.39 Go version: go1.10.6 Git commit: 6247962 Built: Sun Feb 10 04:13:27 2019 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: falseServer: Docker Engine - CommunityEngine: Version: 18.09.2 API version: 1.39 (minimum version 1.12) Go version: go1.10.6 Git commit: 6247962 Built: Sun Feb 10 03:47:25 2019 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: falsehttps://pics5.baidu.com/feed/79f0f736afc379310965039c3d06c74142a911b8.jpeg?token=fe0610969fad80efaf0caa273d9f27cf&s=B291A16CC2B7A7CE0647F11B0000A0CA
回复 1# network
Docker安装配置教程
原创laughing1997 最后发布于2018-11-20 16:55:53 阅读数 29091收藏
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之前docker很久就写了笔记了。后面因为家里有事，耽搁了一年。 现在把这部分笔记重新上传一下。大家看看。
Docker要求：
lunix内核，要求3.8以上
centos7
Docker是一个进程，一启动就两个进程，一个服务，一个守护进程。占用资源就非常少，启动速度非常快，1s。
一台机器上vm，3到10个实例。docker 100到10000。
1.核心概念：
1）镜像images，事先做好一些基础功能（软件），可以在镜像上在来安装新的内容。
2）容器container
3）数据卷volume，把数据映射到linux磁盘目录，业务把数据写入这个目录，容器重新启动时，自己加载数据卷，数据又恢复了。有问题的。（争论，数据库这种方式需求适不适合docker）
4）仓库repository，maven仓库概念一样
2.java
类（只读）
镜像（只读，不允许修改）
对象（写临时的内容）
容器，在镜像基础上允许用户写数据，临时数据
docker
部署后台系统，
1）linux Centos7
2）安装jdk
3）安装tomcat
4）部署war包
5）启动tomcat，设置端口，访问
docker可以产生基础镜像，每加一层新的内容也形成新的镜像。每个镜像都可以去在加新的内容。变化无穷，复用资源。
加载虚拟机的vm镜像，先不要打开。
然后，设置好虚拟机软件的vm。
NAT模式查询网关配置，上网（注意，设置请根据自己的ip信息进行设置。目的是为了保持网关、子网掩码一致，ip地址网段一致，ip地址不一样）
设置OK后，使用其使设置生效。
重载一下网络配置
centos7
命令发生巨大变化
p addr
#查看IP地址 ip add
service network restart
#重启网络
systemctl restart network.service
#重启网络centos7
vi /etc/hosts
#127.0.0.1 dredis
hostname dreids
#注意必须修改机器名hostname
ping www.baidu.com
#如果出现baidu的ip地址则表示网络连通
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1.1.1安装Docker
1.1.1.1第一步：安装工具包
$ sudo yum install -y yum-utils
#安装工具包，缺少这些依赖将无法完成
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执行结果：
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
base | 3.6 kB00:00:00
epel | 4.3 kB00:00:00
extras | 3.4 kB00:00:00
update | 3.4 kB00:00:00
(1/3): epel/7/x86_64/updateinfo | 797 kB00:00:00
(2/3): epel/7/x86_64/primary_db | 4.7 MB00:00:00
(3/3): update/7/x86_64/primary_db | 4.8 MB00:00:00
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Package yum-utils-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
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1.1.1.2第二步：设置远程仓库
$sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
执行结果：
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
adding repo from: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
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1.1.1.3第三步：安装
$ sudo yum install docker-ce
执行结果：
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
docker-ce-stable | 2.9 kB00:00:00
docker-ce-stable/x86_64/primary_db | 4.8 kB00:00:00
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package docker-ce.x86_64 0:17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: docker-ce-selinux >= 17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos for package: docker-ce-17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libcgroup for package: docker-ce-17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libseccomp.so.2()(64bit) for package: docker-ce-17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package docker-ce-selinux.noarch 0:17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: policycoreutils-python for package: docker-ce-selinux-17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.noarch
---> Package libcgroup.x86_64 0:0.41-11.el7 will be installed
---> Package libseccomp.x86_64 0:2.3.1-2.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package policycoreutils-python.x86_64 0:2.5-11.el7_3 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: setools-libs >= 3.3.8-1 for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsemanage-python >= 2.5-5 for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: audit-libs-python >= 2.1.3-4 for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: python-IPy for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libqpol.so.1(VERS_1.4)(64bit) for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libqpol.so.1(VERS_1.2)(64bit) for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libapol.so.4(VERS_4.0)(64bit) for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: checkpolicy for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libqpol.so.1()(64bit) for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libapol.so.4()(64bit) for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package audit-libs-python.x86_64 0:2.6.5-3.el7_3.1 will be installed
---> Package checkpolicy.x86_64 0:2.5-4.el7 will be installed
---> Package libsemanage-python.x86_64 0:2.5-5.1.el7_3 will be installed
---> Package python-IPy.noarch 0:0.75-6.el7 will be installed
---> Package setools-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.8-1.1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=====================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=====================================================================================================================
Installing:
docker-ce x86_64 17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos docker-ce-stable 19 M
Installing for dependencies:
audit-libs-python x86_64 2.6.5-3.el7_3.1 update 70 k
checkpolicy x86_64 2.5-4.el7 base 290 k
docker-ce-selinux noarch 17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos docker-ce-stable 28 k
libcgroup x86_64 0.41-11.el7 base 65 k
libseccomp x86_64 2.3.1-2.el7 base 56 k
libsemanage-python x86_64 2.5-5.1.el7_3 update 104 k
policycoreutils-python x86_64 2.5-11.el7_3 update 445 k
python-IPy noarch 0.75-6.el7 base 32 k
setools-libs x86_64 3.3.8-1.1.el7 base 612 k
Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================================================
Install1 Package (+9 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 20 M
Installed size: 24 M
Is this ok : y
Downloading packages:
(1/10): audit-libs-python-2.6.5-3.el7_3.1.x86_64.rpm |70 kB00:00:00
(2/10): checkpolicy-2.5-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 290 kB00:00:00
(3/10): libseccomp-2.3.1-2.el7.x86_64.rpm |56 kB00:00:00
(4/10): libcgroup-0.41-11.el7.x86_64.rpm |65 kB00:00:00
(5/10): policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64.rpm | 445 kB00:00:00
(6/10): setools-libs-3.3.8-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 612 kB00:00:00
(7/10): libsemanage-python-2.5-5.1.el7_3.x86_64.rpm | 104 kB00:00:00
(8/10): python-IPy-0.75-6.el7.noarch.rpm |32 kB00:00:00
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/docker-ce-stable/packages/docker-ce-selinux-17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID 621e9f35: NOKEY
Public key for docker-ce-selinux-17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.noarch.rpm is not installed
(9/10): docker-ce-selinux-17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.noarch.rpm |28 kB00:00:00
(10/10): docker-ce-17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm |19 MB00:00:00
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 23 MB/s |20 MB00:00:00
Retrieving key from https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
Importing GPG key 0x621E9F35:
Userid : "Docker Release (CE rpm) <docker@docker.com>"
Fingerprint: 060a 61c5 1b55 8a7f 742b 77aa c52f eb6b 621e 9f35
From : https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
Is this ok : y
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : libcgroup-0.41-11.el7.x86_64 1/10
Installing : setools-libs-3.3.8-1.1.el7.x86_64 2/10
Installing : checkpolicy-2.5-4.el7.x86_64 3/10
Installing : libsemanage-python-2.5-5.1.el7_3.x86_64 4/10
Installing : audit-libs-python-2.6.5-3.el7_3.1.x86_64 5/10
Installing : python-IPy-0.75-6.el7.noarch 6/10
Installing : policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64 7/10
Installing : docker-ce-selinux-17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.noarch 8/10
setsebool:SELinux is disabled.
libsemanage.semanage_direct_install_info: Overriding docker module at lower priority 100 with module at priority 400.
Installing : libseccomp-2.3.1-2.el7.x86_64 9/10
Installing : docker-ce-17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64 10/10
Verifying: libseccomp-2.3.1-2.el7.x86_64 1/10
Verifying: python-IPy-0.75-6.el7.noarch 2/10
Verifying: audit-libs-python-2.6.5-3.el7_3.1.x86_64 3/10
Verifying: libsemanage-python-2.5-5.1.el7_3.x86_64 4/10
Verifying: docker-ce-selinux-17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.noarch 5/10
Verifying: libcgroup-0.41-11.el7.x86_64 6/10
Verifying: policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64 7/10
Verifying: docker-ce-17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64 8/10
Verifying: checkpolicy-2.5-4.el7.x86_64 9/10
Verifying: setools-libs-3.3.8-1.1.el7.x86_64 10/10
Installed:
docker-ce.x86_64 0:17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos
Dependency Installed:
audit-libs-python.x86_64 0:2.6.5-3.el7_3.1 checkpolicy.x86_64 0:2.5-4.el7
docker-ce-selinux.noarch 0:17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos libcgroup.x86_64 0:0.41-11.el7
libseccomp.x86_64 0:2.3.1-2.el7 libsemanage-python.x86_64 0:2.5-5.1.el7_3
policycoreutils-python.x86_64 0:2.5-11.el7_3 python-IPy.noarch 0:0.75-6.el7
setools-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.8-1.1.el7
Complete!
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1.1.1.4第四步：启动
$ sudo systemctl start docker
或者
$ sudo service docker start
service docker start #启动docker
chkconfig docker on #加入开机启动
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第五步：查看版本
$ sudo docker version
执行结果：
Client:
Version: 17.03.1-ce
API version:1.27
Go version: go1.7.5
Git commit: c6d412e
Built: Mon Mar 27 17:05:44 2017
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
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1.1.1.6第六步：校验
$ sudo docker run hello-world
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执行结果： （注意一下，结果没那么快出来）
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
78445dd45222: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:c5515758d4c5e1e838e9cd307f6c6a0d620b5e07e6f927b07d05f6d12a1ac8d7
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
to your terminal.
To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash
Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
https://cloud.docker.com/
For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/
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1.1.2查看Docker版本
docker --help
#帮助
docker –v
#简单查看版本
docker version
#查看版本
Client version: 1.7.1
Client API version: 1.19
Go version (client): go1.4.2
Git commit (client): 786b29d/1.7.1
OS/Arch (client): linux/amd64
Server version: 1.7.1
Server API version: 1.19
Go version (server): go1.4.2
Git commit (server): 786b29d/1.7.1
OS/Arch (server): linux/amd64
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docker info
#查看信息
Containers: 0
Images: 2
Storage Driver: devicemapper
Pool Name: docker-253:0-34097258-pool
Pool Blocksize: 65.54 kB
Backing Filesystem: xfs
Data file: /dev/loop0
Metadata file: /dev/loop1
Data Space Used: 308.3 MB
Data Space Total: 107.4 GB
Data Space Available: 16.08 GB
Metadata Space Used: 782.3 kB
Metadata Space Total: 2.147 GB
Metadata Space Available: 2.147 GB
Udev Sync Supported: true
Deferred Removal Enabled: false
Data loop file: /var/lib/docker/devicemapper/devicemapper/data
Metadata loop file: /var/lib/docker/devicemapper/devicemapper/metadata
Library Version: 1.02.107-RHEL7 (2015-10-14)
Execution Driver: native-0.2
Logging Driver: json-file
Kernel Version: 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
CPUs: 4
Total Memory: 985.6 MiB
Name: localhost.localdomain
ID: B5ZW:FJXF:FNUD:OLH7:FCNI:56DJ:XEQY:I6J4:PPHQ:OKRW:CIJK:Y26P
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1.1.3安装其它产品的两种方式
docker安装其它产品有两种方式
方式一：通过拉取事先做好的镜像，例如下面redis的安装方式
方式二：通过Dockerfile来构建新的镜像，例如下面tomcat的安装方式
1.1.4组成结构
docker会自动给docker容器配置一个vip虚拟ip地址
bash-4.1#提示符就代表进入docker容器内部
————————————————
版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「laughing1997」的原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/laughing1997/article/details/84305615
centos8.0安装docker
转载初仔仔 最后发布于2019-09-26 17:10:00 阅读数 875收藏
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背景简介：
前两天红帽正式发布了RHEL8，网上同时也有了CentOS8，一直在接触容器方面，为了尝鲜，下载了CentOS8，并尝试安装docker，不料竟然还报了个错（缺少依赖），故及时记录一下，方面其他同学。
安装步骤：
1. 下载docker-ce的repo
curl https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
2. 安装依赖（这是相比centos7的关键步骤）
yum install https://download.docker.com/linux/fedora/30/x86_64/stable/Packages/containerd.io-1.2.6-3.3.fc30.x86_64.rpm
3. 安装docker-ce
yum install docker-ce
4. 启动docker
systemctl start docker
到此，docker仅是安装成功，其他功能有待测试。
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